Which structure, located in Paris, represents Early Gothic architecture?

• A. Basilica of St. Philibert
• B. Mezquita Mosque and Cathedral
• C. St. Denis
• D. Old St. Peters

Answer: (C)

Early Gothic architecture is defined by innovations that open up interior space and invite more light through structural changes like pointed arches, ribbed vaults, and flying buttresses. Saint-Denis, just north of Paris, became the key site where Abbot Suger in the 12th century redesigned the choir and nave to emphasize height, slender forms, and large stained-glass windows. This combination created the bright, elevated interior hallmark of the early Gothic style and established a model that influenced other Paris-area churches. The other options reflect different places or styles: one is a Romanesque church in Burgundy, another is Córdoba’s mosque-cathedral with Moorish design, and the last is a Roman/Renaissance-era church in Rome. Saint-Denis best embodies the early Gothic idiom connected to Paris.